Migration is a process permeated by specific dynamics, including those based on the social roles attributed to gender, or even biological sex. Migratory flows, at different times, depending on the era and the region(s) involved, have been identified by a male predominance, while at other times, an increase in the number of women in the same condition has been observed. Furthermore, along with the increase in the number of women, there has been an increase in the migration of children and adolescents, representing a process of juvenilization of migration. One of the causes for the increased participation of women in migratory movements is climate change, which transforms not only the territory of origin into a hostile environment, but also forces women and children to seek other destinations that will not necessarily bring the desired security. Moreover, concomitantly with migratory diversification, we also observe not only the rise of movements with anti-immigration ideals but also the establishment of pro-migration policies and actions.

The main objectives of this Research Topic are to examine whether and how gender norms shape contemporary migratory processes, identifying migratory flows between countries/regions and time periods that reflect gender dynamics. It seeks to understand the specific vulnerabilities faced by women, children, and adolescents on the move, as well as the impact of climate change as a determining factor leading women to unsafe migratory contexts. Furthermore, it investigates how global trends towards far-right, anti-immigration, and anti-gender ideologies influence both migration policies and the lived experiences of migrants. This Research Topic aims to bring together interdisciplinary perspectives that deepen our understanding of these interconnected dynamics and contribute to more informed and inclusive approaches to migration.

The aim of this Research Topic is to receive contributions from diverse disciplines in order to foster in-depth reflection on contemporary migratory dynamics and to give special attention to the processes of feminization and juvenilization. Authors are invited to submit articles that highlight how migration is transforming in relation to gender issues and how universal norms and values ​​are challenged when societies face phenomena that seem capable of generating panic in host countries. This collection also welcomes analyses of the influence of climate change as a factor in mobility for women, children, and adolescents, as well as studies that address the heightened vulnerabilities faced by migrants. Contributions that explore the intersections between gender, age, race, class, and environmental changes are particularly encouraged, along with works that examine both the rise of far-right, anti-immigration, and anti-gender movements and their impact on migratory processes, as well as pro-immigration and gender-neutral policies.